Table of Contents
Understanding Cherry Eye in Dogs and Cats: Causes Symptoms, and Treatment
Commonality: Moderate
Transmission: Not Contagious
Impact on Health: Medium to High
Symptoms: Red Swollen Mass in corner of eye, excessive tearing, discharge from eye and squinting or rubbing the eye.
Treatment Cost: $300 – $2000 +
Treatment and Recovery Time: 2 weeks post surgery
Ease of Prevention: Difficult, Genetic
Dog Breeds Most Commonly Affected: Cocker Spaniel, English Bulldog, French Bulldog, Boston Terrier, Beagle, Bloodhound, Lhasa Apso, Shih Tzu, Pug, and other brachycephalic (flat-faced) breeds.
Cat Breeds Most Commonly Affected : Rare in cats, Burmese or Persian
Table of contents
Key Takeaways
Early detection is key: Keep an eye out for any unusual protrusion in your pet’s eye to catch cherry eye early on.
Consult a vet promptly: If you notice any symptoms, seek veterinary advice promptly to determine the best course of action.
Know your breed’s risk: Certain breeds are more prone to cherry eye, so understanding your pet’s breed characteristics can help in prevention.
Treatment options exist: From medication to surgery, there are various treatment options available depending on the severity of the condition.
Regular check-ups are crucial: Regular veterinary check-ups can help monitor your pet’s eye health and catch any issues early.
Budget for potential costs: Be prepared for potential treatment costs by considering pet insurance or setting aside funds for unexpected medical expenses.
What is Cherry Eye
For The Non Vets
Imagine your eye is like a well-maintained garden with an automatic sprinkler system. The third eyelid, also known as the nictitating membrane, is like one of these sprinkler heads, crucial for keeping the garden (your eye) properly hydrated by distributing water (tears) evenly. In a healthy eye, the tear gland of the third eyelid remains hidden, functioning smoothly like a sprinkler head tucked away in the garden bed. However, sometimes this sprinkler head (tear gland) can pop out of its socket, becoming visible and creating an eyesore in the garden. This popped-out sprinkler head is analogous to the condition known as cherry eye.The Vets Response
Cherry eye occurs when the gland of the third eyelid prolapse or pops out of its normal position. This results in a red, swollen mass that protrudes from the inner corner of the eye, resembling a cherry, hence the name “cherry eye.” This third eyelid is a small, pinkish-red structure located in the corner of the eye closest to the nose, and it contains a tear gland essential for maintaining eye health 1.
Importance for Pet Owners
Early detection of cherry eye is crucial for effective treatment and preventing long-term complications. If left untreated, cherry eye can result in eye dryness, irritation, and even vision impairment. By spotting the signs early on, pet owners can seek veterinary care promptly.
Veterinarians often recommend surgical intervention to address cherry eye and prevent recurrence. The sooner treatment is initiated, the better the chances of preserving the affected gland’s function and maintaining optimal eye health for the pet. Regular eye examinations as part of routine veterinary visits can aid in early detection.
Causes of Cherry Eye
Genetic Predisposition
Certain dog breeds have a genetic predisposition to cherry eye due to weaker ligaments that hold the tear gland in place, leading to its protrusion.In dogs, breeds most susceptible include Cocker Spaniels, English Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, Boston Terriers, Beagles, Bloodhounds, Lhasa Apsos, Shih Tzus, Pugs, and other brachycephalic (flat-faced) 1,2. In cats, it occurs less frequenelty, however Burmese and Persain Cats are most susceptible 1,3. While the exact inheritance pattern is unclear, breeding practices can influence its prevalence. Although no definitive sex predisposition has been established, some studies, have reported a higher incidence in males.
Weak Tissue Fibres
The development of the cherry eye is often linked to weak tissue fibres around the third eyelid gland. These weakened fibres fail to support the gland properly.
When these fibres are not strong enough to hold the gland in place, it can lead to protrusion. This condition can be painful for pets and requires prompt attention.
Weak tissue fibres can result from congenital defects or underlying health issues affecting the connective tissues in the eye area.
Environmental Factors
In addition to genetic predisposition and weak tissue fibres, environmental factors can also play a role in triggering cherry eye in dogs and cats.
Exposure to irritants, allergens, or infections can exacerbate the condition. Ensuring a clean environment and proper eye care can help prevent such triggers.
Pets that spend time outdoors or in dusty environments may be more susceptible to developing cherry eye due to increased exposure to potential irritants.
Symptoms of Cherry Eye
Just as a sprinkler head might pop out due to loose soil or a weak connection, the tear gland can prolapse due to weak connective tissues, genetics, or trauma. When this happens, you’ll notice a red, swollen mass in the inner corner of the eye, much like noticing a visible, misplaced sprinkler head in your garden. Cherry eyes in dogs and cats present distinct visual symptoms that can help pet owners identify the condition. One of the primary signs is a protrusion of a red or pink mass at the inner corner of the eye, resembling a cherry, hence the name “cherry eye.” Another noticeable symptom is excessive tearing from the affected eye, often accompanied by mucus discharge. Pet owners may also observe swelling and inflammation in the affected area, leading to discomfort for the animal. Redness and irritation around the eye can be indicators of a cherry eye. It’s crucial for pet owners to regularly check their pets’ eyes for any unusual appearance or behaviour to catch cherry eye early
Diagnosis Process of Cherry Eye
When seeking veterinary care for cherry eyes in pets, it’s crucial to consult a veterinary ophthalmologist. These specialists have advanced training in veterinary ophthalmology and are well-equipped to handle complex eye conditions in cats and dogs. Opting for a qualified specialist ensures accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plans.
A veterinary ophthalmologist can conduct a comprehensive eye examination to identify underlying issues causing cherry eye. By examining the canine lacrimal system and assessing the condition of the mucous membranes, they can recommend the most suitable treatment approach. Their expertise minimises the risk of complications and improves the chances of successful outcomes.
Clear communication between pet owners and veterinary professionals is essential for optimal pet care. When discussing cherry eye symptoms and treatment options with a veterinary ophthalmologist, it’s important to provide detailed information about the pet’s medical history, including any previous eye issues or treatments. Pet owners should openly express their concerns and ask questions about the diagnosis, prognosis, and recommended treatment plan. Understanding the procedure involved in surgery for correcting cherry eye can alleviate anxieties and help pet owners make informed decisions regarding their pet’s care.
Diagnosing a cherry eye is typically straightforward and involves a physical examination by a veterinarian. Here’s a step-by-step overview of the diagnosis process:
Clinical Examination
History Taking: The veterinarian will begin by asking about the pet’s medical history, symptoms, and any incidents that might have led to the current condition, such as falls or injuries.
The veterinarian will ask about the pet’s symptoms, such as eye irritation, discharge, frequent pawing or rubbing of the eye, and any changes in behaviour or activity levels. They will also take a detailed health history, including any previous eye issues, injuries, or related health problems. Information about the pet’s breed and age is important, as certain breeds and younger animals are more prone to cherry eye.
By following these steps, veterinary ophthalmologists can accurately diagnose cherry eye and develop an effective treatment plan tailored to the pet’s specific needs.
Visual Examination
The veterinarian will visually inspect the pet’s eye. Cherry eye is usually identified by the noticeable red, swollen mass in the inner corner of the eye, which is the prolapsed gland of the third eyelid. They may use an ophthalmoscope or other specialised instruments to get a closer look at the eye and the prolapsed gland, assessing the extent of the prolapse and any associated irritation or inflammation.
Treatment for Cherry Eye – Surgical
Cherry eyes in pets often require surgical intervention to correct the prolapsed gland. There are several surgical techniques available, each with its own advantages and considerations.Removal of the gland is not a recommended form of treatment. Until surgery can be performed, using artificial tears ointment can help keep the eye lubricated. Your veterinarian will discuss the appropriate surgical technique that best suits your pet’s condition 2.
Traditional Tucking Method
The traditional tucking method involves placing the gland back into its normal position and securing it with sutures. While widely used, this method can sometimes lead to complications such as glandular tissue damage or recurrence of cherry eye 4.
Imbrication Technique
The imbrication technique involves creating a pocket in the surrounding tissue and tucking the gland into this pocket. This method aims to provide better support and stability for the gland, reducing the risk of recurrence 4.
Morgan’s Pocket Technique
One of the preferred methods for repositioning the gland is the Morgan’s Pocket Technique (MPT). This procedure involves making two elliptical incisions above and below the gland’s conjunctival tissue to create a pocket. The prolapsed gland is then tucked into this pocket and secured with sutures. Clinical results have shown a high success rate, with a 100% success rate in a study of 12 dogs (20 eyes) and a low complication rate of 8% (one eye). This technique is reliable due to its high success rate and low recurrence and complication rates 4,5.
Intranictitans Tacking
In this procedure, a single suture is used to anchor the gland around the entire nictitans tear gland, permitting post-operative movement of the nictitans. The suture is passed through the base of the nictitans cartilage and around the prolapsed gland, then tied to compress the gland into its normal position. This method avoids conjunctival mucosal incisions and does not restrict nictitans movement post-operatively 4.
Anterior Anchoring Technique
The anterior nictitans anchoring technique involves using the conjunctival fornix in front of the nictitans or the medial lower eyelid as an anchoring point. A suture is embedded beneath the conjunctival mucosa over the nictitans gland and tightened to retract the gland into its normal position. The anterior conjunctival wound is then sutured closed. This method ensures the prolapsed gland returns to its normal position while maintaining the integrity of the nictitans 4.
Posterior Anchoring Technique
The posterior nictitans anchoring approach involves incising the posterior conjunctival fornix behind the nictitating membrane and positioning an anchor suture into deeper fascial or ocular tissues to retract the gland. While effective, this method is more complex and can restrict normal nictitans movements post-operatively. The anchoring suture may also retract from the orbital or globe base, making it a more challenging technique 4.
Postoperative Care and Outcome
When non-surgical treatments are insufficient to manage the symptoms of hip dysplasia, various surgical options may be considered depending on the severity 11.
Cherry eye treatment typically yields positive outcomes, with most pets experiencing significant improvement in eye health. After surgical correction, pets may need to wear an Elizabethan collar to prevent rubbing or scratching the affected area. Pet owners should diligently administer prescribed medications to aid in a smooth recovery process.
The success rate of cherry eye surgery is generally high. For instance, a study of 12 patients (20 eyes) showed a 100% success rate without recurrence. In most cases, the gland returns to normal within a few weeks of surgery . However, approximately 5-20% of patients may experience a re-prolapse of the third eyelid gland and require additional surgery 2. Many pets with a prolapse in one eye will eventually experience a prolapse in the opposite eye 2.
To ensure proper healing and prevent complications after cherry eye surgery, it is essential to follow postoperative care instructions diligently. This includes administering medicated eye drops or ointments as prescribed by the veterinarian.
Pet owners should also monitor their pet for any signs of discomfort or inflammation around the surgical site. If any unusual symptoms occur, it is important to contact the veterinarian promptly for further evaluation and treatment.
Additionally, pet owners should be prepared for follow-up appointments and potential additional costs associated with postoperative care, such as medications and specialised diets. By adhering to the veterinarian’s recommendations and being vigilant about their pet’s recovery, pet owners can help ensure a successful outcome and a swift return to good eye health for their pet.
Cost of Treatment
Treating cherry eye can vary significantly in cost depending on the veterinary facility and specific procedure. Surgery, the recommended course of action to prevent long-term issues like dry eye and infections, can range from $300 at low-cost clinics to $1,900 at specialist facilities per eye 6.
Beyond the surgical costs, pet owners should also account for other expenses such as exam fees or consultations,preoperative blood work, medications, and follow up visits 7,8.
Preventing Cherry Eye
Preventing cherry eye can be challenging, especially since it often has a genetic component 9. However, there are measures pet owners can take to reduce the risk and manage the condition effectively:
Regular Examinations
Regular eye examinations are crucial for early detection of potential eye issues in pets. These exams can help identify any signs of irritation or inflammation in the eye area before they escalate into more serious conditions. By monitoring their pets’ eyes regularly, owners can catch problems like cherry eye in its early stages.
Pet owners should make it a habit to inspect their pets’ eyes daily. Look out for any redness, swelling, or unusual discharge around the eye area. If any abnormalities are noticed, it is important to consult a veterinarian promptly. Early intervention can prevent the progression of eye conditions like cherry eye.
Ensuring that pets receive regular veterinary check-ups is essential in maintaining their overall health, including their eye health. Veterinarians can perform thorough eye examinations to detect any underlying issues that may not be apparent to pet owners. This proactive approach can help in preventing and managing eye problems effectively.
Lifestyle Adjustments
Making certain lifestyle adjustments can also contribute to preventing cherry eye in pets. Avoid exposing pets to environmental irritants that could potentially trigger eye problems. Keep their living spaces clean and free from dust, pollen, and other allergens that could irritate their eyes 10.
When it comes to grooming, pet owners should be gentle around the eye area to avoid causing any trauma to the delicate tissues. Use mild pet-friendly products when cleaning around the eyes to reduce the risk of irritation. Trimming long fur around the eyes can help prevent debris from getting trapped and causing irritation.
Maintaining a healthy diet rich in essential nutrients like vitamins A and C can promote good eye health in pets. These nutrients play a vital role in maintaining the integrity of the eye tissues and supporting overall eye function. Providing a balanced diet can help strengthen pets’ immune systems and reduce the likelihood of developing eye conditions like cherry eye.
Exercise and Playtime
Encouraging regular exercise and playtime for pets can also benefit their eye health. Physical activity helps improve blood circulation throughout the body, including the eyes, which promotes optimal eye function. Engaging pets in interactive play sessions can stimulate their visual senses and keep their eyes active and healthy.
Creating a stimulating environment with toys and activities that encourage pets to use their vision can help maintain their eye muscles and prevent issues like cherry eye. Interactive toys that require visual tracking or hunting games that engage their sight and coordination can be beneficial for overall eye health.
Debunking Myths about Cherry Eye
Water
Cherry eye in dogs and cats is not caused by drinking insufficient amounts of water. While hydration is crucial for overall health, this condition is primarily due to a genetic predisposition.
Excessive intake of water does not lead to cherry eye. It’s essential to provide adequate water for pets, but this eye condition is not linked to water consumption levels.
Contrary to some beliefs, lack of water does not trigger cherry eye. The causes are more complex, involving issues with the tear gland’s attachment within the eye.
Fibres
Dietary fibre intake does not prevent cherry eye in dogs and cats. While a balanced diet is vital for pet health, fibre content does not directly impact the development of this eye condition.
We may think that high-fibre diets cause cherry eyes, but this is a misconception. The factors contributing to cherry eye are more related to anatomical structures rather than dietary components.
It’s important to note that low-fibre diets do not cause cherry eye. This condition is primarily associated with the weakening of connective tissues supporting the gland in the third eyelid.
Oil
Contrary to popular belief, applying oils around the eye area does not cure cherry eye. This condition requires specific veterinary treatment and, in some cases, surgical intervention.
There is no evidence to support the claim that ingesting certain oils prevents cherry eye. Seeking professional veterinary advice for proper diagnosis and treatment is crucial for managing this condition effectively.
While some may suggest rubbing oils on the affected eye, it’s crucial to consult a veterinarian instead. Treatment options for cherry eye focus on addressing the underlying structural issues within the eye.
Getting Cherry Eye Covered with Pet Insurance
What is Petsy Pet Insurance?
Petsy Pet Insurance is an insurance policy that reimburses 80% or 90% of vet costs for the treatment of your pet if they suffer an unexpected injury or illness (provided these occur after any applicable exclusion period has ended symptom free).
Our policy is customisable and you’ll be able to tailor the level of coverage, based on your preferences for the Benefit Percentage, Annual Limit, Annual Excess, whether or not you’d like Optional Extra Benefits (if your pet is less than 3 years old) and whether or not you’d like to include costs of Vet Consultations for your cover.
You get to see a summary of the cover when completing an online quote and have the option to select a preferred start date. After making the payment, you’ll receive a confirmation of cover and your policy documents by email.
For added peace of mind, we offer a complimentary Pre-Existing Condition Assessment for all our members. This includes collecting your pet’s vet history upfront which helps to fast-track any future claims and we’ll also let you know whether there are any pre-existing conditions noted in their medical history that might affect your ongoing coverage.
Claims are quick and easy, and your vet can submit claims on your behalf. Approved claims are paid into your nominated bank account.
What is a pre-existing condition?
Under the terms of the policy, Pre-existing Condition is defined as:
An Injury, Illness, Dental Illness, Behavioural Condition or Specified Condition (including Bilateral Conditions, recurrent Conditions and other conditions that are related to, secondary to, or results of) that:
- first occurred or showed symptoms of; or
- was identified or investigated by a Vet; or
- You were aware of or a reasonable person in the circumstances could be expected to have known about, before Your Pet’s First Date of Cover; before a change of coverage became effective, or during any applicable Exclusion Period.
Whether a condition is considered a pre-existing condition depends on when the signs or symptoms occurred and when the exclusion periods on your policy end. Anything that happened before the exclusion periods ended is considered a pre-existing condition because it started before your coverage began.
Covered by Petsy
We cover Hip Dysplasia as long as it’s not a pre-existing condition and your pet hasn’t shown signs or symptoms of the condition within the exclusion period.
A specified condition includes specific health issues, including cruciate ligament damage, intervertebral disc disease (IVDD), hip dysplasia, patella luxation, elbow dysplasia, osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), cherry eye, entropion, ectropion, and lumps.
Hip Dysplasia is a specified condition that has a 6 month exclusion period.
Once this period has passed and as long as your pet hasn’t shown symptoms, we can help to cover the vet costs for unexpected injuries and illnesses like Hip Dysplasia.
Can Petsy Insurance Cover My Pet’s Cherry Eye?
It depends on when you started your policy. If the signs or symptoms of Cherry Eye appeared before your policy began or during the exclusion period, it won’t be covered. But if you had an active policy and Cherry Eye happened unexpectedly, we can help to cover the costs.
If you’re a Petsy customer and are unsure about your exclusion periods and when the symptoms first appeared, you can request a pre-existing condition assessment. We’ll reach out to your vet for your pet’s medical history and let you know if your policy can cover it.
If you’re considering Petsy Pet Insurance, you can also reach out to our customer care team on 1300 952 790 for more information.
Does Petsy cover Cherry Eye?
Yes, Cherry Eye is covered under our standard policy. However, we can’t cover it if it’s a pre-existing condition, for example, if signs or symptoms appeared before your policy started or during the exclusion period. Petsy is here to protect you against unexpected vet costs.
How Petsy Pet Insurance can help with Hip Dysplasia
At Petsy, we understand how difficult it is when your pet faces Cherry Eye. Our insurance can help cover the costs of treatment, but it’s important to start your policy early, before any signs or symptoms appear.
Stay alert to any signs of Cherry Eye, and seek veterinary care proactively. Catching things early can make a big difference in your pet’s well-being and help them receive the best possible care.
Waiver Form
You can apply to reduce the 6-month exclusion period for Specified Conditions by using our Waiver Form. Simply take this form to your next vet visit and make sure to submit the completed form back to us within 14 days of the visit.
The conditions that this waiver applies to include cruciate ligament damage, intervertebral disc disease, hip dysplasia, patella luxation, elbow dysplasia, osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), cherry eye, entropion, ectropion, and lumps.
Here’s how to apply:
- Fill out Part 1: You start by completing Part 1 of the form.
- Vet Examination: Have your vet examine your pet and complete Part 2 of the form.
- Submit the Form: Send the completed form along with your pet’s full veterinary history to us within 14 days of the examination.
- Receive an updated Certificate of Insurance: Once the review is complete, we’ll issue an updated Certificate of Insurance detailing any reduced exclusion periods for specified conditions.
You can find the waiver form on our website under the ‘Policy Documents’ section, or contact us directly and we’ll send it to you.
Conclusion
You now have a comprehensive understanding of cherry eye in dogs and cats. By recognising the signs, knowing the causes, and exploring treatment options, you are better equipped to care for your furry companions. Remember, early detection is key to ensuring the best prognosis for your pet. Managing costs and preventing cherry eye disease through proper care are crucial steps in keeping your pet healthy. Debunking myths and navigating veterinary care will empower you to make informed decisions for your pet’s well-being.
Take charge of your pet’s health by staying informed and proactive. Regular check-ups with your veterinarian can help catch any issues early on. Your furry friends rely on you for their care, so be vigilant and attentive to their needs. Together, we can ensure our beloved pets lead happy and healthy lives.
Frequently Asked Questions
Cherry eye is a condition where the gland of the third eyelid prolapses, leading to a red, swollen mass in the corner of the eye.
Look for a red or pink swelling in the corner of your pet's eye. Your pet might also show signs of discomfort or excessive tearing.
Breeds like Bulldogs, Beagles, Cocker Spaniels, and Lhasa Apsos are more prone to cherry eye due to genetic factors.
Treatment usually involves surgical repositioning of the prolapsed gland to restore normal eye function and prevent complications.
While it's not always preventable, avoiding trauma to the eye area and ensuring your pet's overall health can reduce the risk of cherry eye.
References
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- Guides Home Team. How Much Does Dog Blood Work Cost? (2024) [Internet]. Marketwatch.com. MarketWatch – Guides; 2023 [cited 2024 Sep 27]. Available from: https://www.marketwatch.com/guides/pet-insurance/dog-blood-test-cost/
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